School Uniform :: essays research papers

School UniformThroughout the Japan, numerous school boards have been attempting to standardize the clothing that students wear. The school superintendents who are in favor of uniforms will argue that the children who wear them will experience many benefits. I disagree with this idea. I feel that the use of uniforms will strip identity, stifle creativity and unnecessarily burden the families that cannot afford them. The use of uniforms has already been implemented in several long-standing social environments. The prison or penal system uses uniforms to brand those who are incarcerated. Moreover, military uses them to separate and remove the individualism inside of the soldier. In both cases, individual identity is stripped away and the subject is forced to conform to the same outward appearance as every other subject.Another problem that will surface due to the implementation of school uniforms is the suppression of the individual's creativity and expressions. Many students express wh o they are though the way they dress. If a teenager wants to show something that he or she likes, then he or she might wear a T-shirts that states a positive view on the subjects. School uniforms would end of this example listed within this paragraph and much more.The last problem that needs to be addressed is the necessary load that will be placed upon families. Many low-income families do not have the money available to provide uniforms to their children especially, private schools. In Japan, especially mission schools, the school board trying to pass the legislation that a child cannot attend school unless they have on the proper uniform. An education is supposed to be available to all children, not just the ones whose parents can afford to buy the government ordered, or schools ordered uniform.

Systems Analysis and Design

ACME Financial is a fast growing company that owes part of its growth to several recent acquisitions. ACME Financial now wants to consolidate the companies’ information technology resources to eliminate redundancy and share information among the new companies. The Chief Information Officer (CIO) has oversight responsibility for the project and has hired Client/Servers R Us to develop the architecture for the new corporate information system. Joe Consultant of C/S R Us presented 3 client/server designs to the CIO and is requesting the CIO to select one.The CIO is not sure which middleware design is best for the company’s goals. The CIO has asked Chris Consultant to present the advantages and disadvantages for each of the alternatives. Background ACME Financial Incorporated (AF Inc. ) is an investment banking company that provides an on-line service that allows their clients to access account and market information. ACME Financial Inc. recently acquired several small and medium sized companies throughout the country, each with their own financial and accounting systems.Almost all of the companies have developed their own application software for their analysts’ use in their daily jobs, but only a few provided on-line account service. The analytical tools rely on near-real time market data and historical market data. The CIO wants to consolidate the financial and accounting information into a corporate information system that can support decision support applications for corporate management. Naturally, since the computer hardware is different for different companies, the CIO expects to upgrade the hardware to accommodate the new Information Technology (IT) system.The CIO will select the best analytical software as the standard software used by all company analysts. Each local site will be expected to provide an on-line service for their customers. Customers will be given the necessary application software to access their account information. Finally, ACME Financial has developed special data mining software that gives them a competitive advantage. AF Inc. offers their customers investment advice based on the information derived by the data mining software.Each account manager receives the information and then provides tailored recommendations  to each customer based on their portfolio. System Requirements The following list of system requirements reflects the system’s priorities (listed roughly in order of priority): 1. Availability: The CIO’s number one priority is high availability. AF Inc. markets their reliability and feels that most clients choose them for their dependability. The CIO wants to maximize the system’s availability. To achieve high availability, if a regional office cannot provide support then a customer must always have access to the on-line service through a different office. 2.Data Integrity: The requirement for data integrity varies within the system. The most important data are customer’s transactions. It is essential that a customer’s transaction is never lost and the system must guarantee that each transaction is completed. In contrast, data lost from the high data rate inputs, such as Reuter’s and the NYSE, are easily recovered during the each broadcast so it is not critical if some data are lost during a broadcast. 3. Performance: Financial markets are highly volatile; time sensitivity of data is measured in minutes. Millions can be lost if information is delayed getting to the analysts.The system must be able to support information broadcast throughout the network. 4. Security: The CIO is concerned about the security of the data mining software and the information produced by the data mining software. The Chief Executive Officer thinks the data mining information software provides a competitive advantage for the company. If an unauthorized user had access to the information they could steal the data mining applications or stea l the information produced by the data mining software. In either case, the perpetrator could make the same investment recommendations as AF Inc. account managers.Therefore, if competitors had access to the information the results could be financially devastating to the company. The CIO is concerned that a competitor could pose as a customer and hack into the highly sensitive information through his on-line service account. 5. Growth: The CIO envisions an incremental migration process to install the new system due to the magnitude of the change. Also, he expects that AF Inc. will continue to grow and acquire more companies. The CIO wants to be able to develop more application software as new customer services are added. The CIO also wants to add more near-real time information sources to  the system. 6.Backup and Recovery: The CIO understands that the system will encounter problems from time to time. A key factor in determining the system’s success is how quickly the system can recover from a failure. Backup and recovery must be smooth and non-disruptive. One way to ensure that the system can easily recover from a system crash is to make sure the data is duplicated elsewhere on the system. The corporate database is the primary back up for each of the regional offices. Configuration Each local office (Northeast, Northwest, Southeast, Southwest) has accesses a regional information hub.Local offices use client software to access the local application server. These application servers access the local databases for almost all of the information needed on a daily basis. For access to information needed less frequently the application software should access the central database at corporate headquarters. Each regional database has only the subset of information that is relevant for its area, whereas the corporate headquarters maintains all of the information from each region as well as data that is unique to corporate applications, such as additional accoun ting and company financial information.The corporate office is also responsible for the data mining software and information. Each of the regional databases is connected with high capacity links to the corporate database. Finally, the corporate office receives information from Reuter’s, NYSE, NASDAQ, and other financial markets. The information flow fluctuates daily from 30 – 40 KBps to 4 – 5 MBps. Twenty-five percent of the information is immediately broadcast to the regional offices to support the on-line account service. All the information is filtered and stored in the database. Architectural AlternativesAlternative I: The Database Management System This alternative takes advantage of the extended functionality provided by the popular relational database management companies, such as Oracle and Sybase. All information is delivered into the system where it is immediately stored into one of the databases. The relational database management software is responsi ble for the distribution of information throughout the system. Clients communicate with the databases through Standard Query Language (SQL). Corporate and regional databases are kept synchronized using features supplied by the RDBMS software.Transactions are guaranteed by using special Transaction Processing Software. The vendor-supplied RDBMS software is responsible for back-up and recovery of all the databases. Data security is handled at the row level within each database. This means that clients can only receive records for which their user has permission. Existing application software may have to be modified to use SQL. Alternative II: Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA) This solution depends on CORBA to tie together the clients and databases. CORBA is responsible for distributing data across the system.The RDBMS software is still responsible for the back-up and recovery, but the databases are kept synchronized using CORBA as the primary transport mechanism for th e data. Clients, application servers, and databases communicate to each other through CORBA’s transport mechanism. Existing application software would be wrapped in IDL to communicate with other applications. Special near-real time handling application software would send the information to each of the regional offices where it would be directed to clients that subscribe to the information.Alternative III: Message and Queuing (M&Q) The message and queuing design uses commercial M & Q software combined with a transaction processing product to ensure customer’s transactions are completed. Dec Message Queue and MQ Series are some of the leading products for messaging and queuing software. Clients communicate to other entities using messages. Messages are deposited in queues and the message and queuing middleware is responsible for message distribution to the appropriate clients. The software applications will be modified to send and receive messages from queues.Questions to Answer (Total 100 points) The case study must be discussed covering the designs and these questions with your teammates, but your final write-up should be your collaborative work. Doing research on specific products for the assignment should certainly be a team activity. The total length of the write-up should probably not exceed 5 pages. 1. Describe in more detail the architecture of each architectural alternative. To do this you will need to flesh out the specifics of the various parts.This will require some research on the  products indicated (or other comparable products that you locate). Note that some services are automatically provided when a particular product is purchased, while others must be developed to satisfy the system requirements. You should describe what services are automatically provided by the products, which services would need to be developed, and how services should be distributed across the network. (40 points) 2. Evaluate each of the alternatives again st the system requirements, discussing the advantages and disadvantages of each. (You may assume that the hardware will support all solutions.)In your analysis you might consider issues such as which alternative gives the system developers the most flexibility, which alternative provides easiest maintenance, and which alternative requires the least modification to the current system. Other hints for system comparison are listed below. (40 points) 3. Prioritize each alternative or suggest a different solution if you think it superior to the presented alternatives. (20 points) Suggestions on how to proceed 1. There is not enough information to make an informed decision about each of the alternatives.As a team, allot a percentage of your time to discover which products offer what type of services. You do not have enough time to do a complete market survey so be selective. 2. If you depend only on marketing information you may find that the alternatives are equivalent. So you might want to go beyond the market literature in doing your research for this assignment. 3. As you do your analysis, pay particular attention to some of the following kinds of issues: a. How well does the architecture support the basic system functionality requirements? b. How much run time performance overhead does the architecture impose?c. How well will specific products handle the high volume of data? d. How will each architecture handle occasional peak loads? e. How easy is it to customize the system to new requirements? 4. In your analysis, when you are considering costs, you do not need to consider the actual product cost. (It may be impossible to get actual product costs anyway. ) Instead, evaluate cost with respect to the amount of customized software that will be necessary to implement each alternative, and how this might affect long-term maintenance costs, time to implement, flexibility, etc.

Industrialization after the Civil War - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1121 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2019/10/10 Did you like this example? Introduction The industrialization which took place between 1865 and 1920 had effect o the society, economy and the politics of U.S. The effect of industrialization revised the working and living conditions of citizens, the rise of businesses, and the role in foreign affairs came into existence due to industrialization. However, there were some negative effects associated with industrialization in America. Therefore the purpose of this paper will be to discuss some of the events which took place after the civil war. Three major aspects of the industrialization The three aspects affected by industrialization in America were society, politics and economy. Society was highly influenced by industrialization because there were building of companies, railway was being used to distribute goods and services to different nations (Arrington, 2013). Also, there was movement of many people from the south and farm areas ending towards the Northern urban areas. United States was shifting from agriculture to being more industrialized. Therefore they needed iron and steel for industrialization (Gilder Lehrman Institute, 2009). The society contributed a lot to the industrialization aspect by working in those factories to earn money, as well as working in steel plants. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Industrialization after the Civil War" essay for you Create order Economy is the second aspect of industrialization. Economy played the overall role towards industrialization since all the factories, trains, and stores were built contributing to economic growth. Immigration of people made the economy to change the society into an urban industrial state (Schultz, 2013). Industrialization reduced investment interests in machine production because the machines were used to produce other goods thus increasing the productivity. Increased productivity led to economic growth through rising the living standards of people. Due to economic growth, more employment opportunities were created rising the income of the people. Politics is the last aspect. The aspects of politics was reflected in business sector rather than to the urban people who were poor not even the working class.   Schulz (2013), states that different politicians from state, local and federal government provided their friends with land grants and government contracts. Politicians were more corrupt and they rooted public funds. 5 groups that were affected by industrialization Industrialization impacted on   the first group, the middle and low class because, building of assembly lines left the lower class jobless (Rees, 2015). When the economy had growth rate of employment had increased, however as the industrialization stepped on low class become victims as the factories were built for extensive production. Use of machines for production purposes left many unemployed. According to Gilder (2009) building of factories left may people unemployed because assembly lines could produce goods within a short period of time as compared to man. Also Gilder Lehman Institute argued that workers were being defended by labor groups from greedy employers who looked at the workers as cost of production instead of regular individuals. However, most of the low income earners secured some good jobs in the newly formed factories to work with the machines thus increasing their level of earning (Morris, 2013). The second group was the Native Americans. Due to industrialization, America by roads, railroads were expanded and from there more towns were build causing reduction in Indian land thus forcing the Native Americans to take small portions of land in different parts of the country (Rees 2015). Consequently, with the building of new urban areas, factories growing constant and need for land to build more factories forced the Natives to move to even much smaller areas (Morris, 2013). As stated by the University of Michigan, â€Å"there were sprouting up of new urban areas as cities started to grow with factories, mills and need for other structures to expand industry which led to taking the Native American tribes land†. After displacement they moved close to the factories hoping to get employment. There they experienced harsh conditions as the housing was poor and unsanitary was very high causing diseases and epidemics. A positive effect of industrialization was that some secured j obs in those industries, though they were paid low wages due to lack of skills (Rees 2015). The third group was the immigrants. Europe had experienced some tremendous population growth forcing some people to migrate. Some came to the US from eastern, central and southern Europe to seek land for cultivation. This was due to the industrial revolution in Europe which had drawn people from the agricultural areas to the urban areas causing overcrowding and unemployment (University of Michigan nd). Those immigrants were affected because they came into America never knowing any English nor had any work skill. The fourth group of people was the children. Due to industrialization, more industries were build and they needed cheap labor. For that reason children were used to provide the cheap labor because they worked for minimal wages as compared to adults. Due to child labor, some of the children even become deformed and crippled. The fifth group of people was the African American. They possessed no skills hence they were assigned with inferior jobs (Morris, 2013). They had limited access to education. They suffered low wages as well as discrimination. However, before industrialization black Americans were working as slaves in the big plantations of the Native Americans but due to industrializations those plantations were deployed to build factories thus making the blacks free from slavery and hard labor. Another group of people were the women. They worked under low pay and they were not given equal opportunities as men. Women were also denied the right to vote. 5 ways in which industrialization affected the average American Averaging Americans suffered low wages. Most of the workers in the factory were women and children who were paid low wages. The average Americans lacked the relevant skills. Secondly, industrialization led to women and child labor (Rees, 2015). Women and children were faced with long working hours as well as harsh working conditions. Many were faced with dangerous health issues and short lunch breaks. Average Americans Also faced against poor housing (Schwab, 2017). The average Americans were oppressed because authorities never enforced laws. Business men did what they wished to and never followed the law. Average Americans also experienced poor housing due to displacements from industrialization. There were positive effects too whereby; economically, there was diversity of the market and people never needed to go to one place and buy their products, industrialization led to reduction in transportation cost for the average American because more roads and rails had been build, farmers were introduced to new and better farming technologies with introduction of farming machines (Rees, 2015). Above all average woman was transformed to a better positional change. Women could now work in the office and factories unlike traditionally when women were associated with only taking care of the household. Conclusion In conclusion, American industrialization caused tremendous change in the life of different groups of individuals as discussed in the essay.

Collective Decisions Theory - 1915 Words

Collective decisions theory Some researchers have argued that decisions made in a group are better than decisions made individually. Durkheim affirmed this issue for first time, and he affirmed the collective cannot be reduced to individual and collective consciousness is focused on knowledge normative, which is common to members of a society and therefore, constitutes a social fact (Mora, 2002). Various models that focus on different stages of decision making (e.g. problem identification, solution development, evaluation, decision making) also, has determined that the union of the efforts of each group member can achieve a common goal (Salanova, Prieto Peiro, 1996). According to Forsyth (1999), the stages of group decision-making are:†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ The techniques should not be allowed to narrow down the conflict, it is necessary the discussion of team members, to find better solutions and alternatives. †¢ It should promote the participation of each member of the group, and to find that each of them have the possibility to defend their point of view. It is necessary to avoid making decisions too quickly, without that has been discussed previously each point of view. †¢ Avoid stereotyping and not to impose the solutions coming from some external authority, it is necessary to promote an environment where each group member is heard and that their possible solutions are integrated with those of other members, to implement the most effective solution. Group decision pitfalls and risk Most experts on group communication agree that misunderstanding seem to be the rule in groups. On the sender side, many group members lack the skills needed to express themselves clearly. As Spitsberg and Cupach suggest on 2002, â€Å"No do all group members have the interpersonal skills that a discussion demands â€Å"(Spitsberg and Cupach 2002 cit. in Forsyth., D, 1999). In the same way, Di salvo, Nikkel and Monroe on 1983 reported the main of those problems in categories in order of frequency as: - Communication skills: poor listening skills, ineffective voice, poor non verbal communication, repetitive, etc. - Egocentric behavior: dominate conversation andShow MoreRelatedEssay about Team Work1483 Words   |  6 Pagesupcoming Superbowl Series .This was the ice breaker we all needed to kick-start our activity. The one thing that figured in all our minds was ambiguity as regards the game its rules and objectives and roles and responsibilities (individual and collective). Looking beyond the game, this ambiguity prevails at both levels for short, medium and long term goals. During December 2011, as a hotelier by profession, I was faced with the challenge of a new legislation based on a 300% increase in PropertyRead MoreDefinition Of Employee s Voice Lies Through The Exit Voice Loyalty Framework Created By Hirschman1210 Words   |  5 PagesThe foundation of most contemporary theories which define the concept of employee’s voice lies in the exit-voice-loyalty framework created by Hirschman in his article Exit, voice, and loyalty: responses to decline in firms, organizations, and state (1970). The model illustrated two reactions of unsatisfied individual inside an organization toward disagreement they have with the organization. It suggests that whereas ones would withdraw their participation in the task and exit organization, othersRead MoreA Reflection On Policy, And Market Interactions With Democracy1028 Words   |  5 Pages A Reflection on Policy Stakeholders, Measurement of Policy Efficacy, and Market Interactions with Democracy Chris Surfus Western Michigan University School of Public Affairs and Administration PADM-6650 Public Policy: Theory and Research Professor Dr. Udaya Waglà ©Ã¢â‚¬ ¨ February 3, 2015 A Reflection on Policy Stakeholders, Measurement of Policy Efficacy, and Market Interactions with Democracy The authors define the roles and relationships of policy stakeholders, provideRead MoreThe Theory Of Foreign Policy Changes1411 Words   |  6 Pages In Painful Choices, David Welch is entirely focused on developing a theory of when and why foreign policy changes. Welch is also interested in a way to forecast these changes. His assembled theory, which I will evaluate in greater depth, is termed the Loss-Aversion Theory of Foreign Policy Change . This Theory entails three hypotheses on the conditions under which we can expect – and, more importantly, predict – changes in foreign policy. Although Welch remains humble regarding his Theory’s drawbacksRead MoreDecision Making And The Prospect Theory1490 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Decision making is the act of choosing the best solution to a problem depending on its value and the preferences of the decision maker. In the first part of this essay, we will explore the Expected Utility theory and the Prospect Theory, which are normative and descriptive approaches to making decisions with inherent risks. The first part of the essay argues that Expected Utility Theory is a less viable hypothesis to decision making and is fundamentally flawed compared to the ProspectRead MoreStrategic Choice Theory1554 Words   |  7 PagesStrategic Choice Theory Article Review and Essay Zhaoling Zhu AD655 International Business, Economics and Cultures Instructor: Dr. Jung Wan Lee 02/29/2012 Introduction Strategies are specific rules or actions for choosing actions in a contradictory situation; for some strategies are the long-term or high-level planning. The essential of a firm or a government’s strategy is to make the right choice.   They cannot afford to try all the strategies with their limitedRead MoreGraduate University Of California At Los Angles Essay1353 Words   |  6 PagesTsinghua University, I came to the conclusion that my passion for research makes me a better fit in academic area. Hence, I decided to follow my graduate study in Ph.D. level and accordingly apply for a faculty position. As a result of this definite decision, I even turn down the job offer of Mercedes-Benz Company for battery localization project in Beijing. As mention above, my initial interest was in the application of mathematic. This interest began to incline toward economic and management scienceRead MoreEthical Decision Making And Religious Faith Essay1244 Words   |  5 PagesEthical Decision Making and Religious Faith Troy Gill MSCR680_X41_Rapid Decision Making Regis University Abstract The goal is to examine through literature review if religious faith is deemed to affect the moral or ethical decision-making process of United States Military personnel in a overall sense. But it might also be applied towards everyday civilian study as well. For instance, the United States Marine Corps have been built on a foundation of strong moral values. These are theRead MoreParticipative Leadership Theory : Dr. Barbara Shaws Leadership Practice1541 Words   |  7 Pagesof the participative leadership theory is the â€Å"shared influence and joint decision making between a leader and their followers† (Lam, Huang, Chan, 2015). Consequently, employees have access to privileged information and can exercise a certain amount of control over the decision-making and problem solving process of an organization. At its pure form the participative leadership theory â€Å"requires that leaders share or give up a certain amount of control over decision making† (p. 836) in return for potentiallyRead MoreSimon s Model Of Human Decision Making974 Words   |  4 Pagessubject of human decision making and because of this, it lead him to studying various disciplines to gain a wider knowledge of decision theory (Auiger 2000). This gather ed knowledge lead to what is today known as the Simon’s Model. Simon’s model involves four main phases. These phases include, the intelligence phase, the design phase, the choice phase and implementation The first phase of Simon’s model is the intelligence phase. It is in this phase that the problem or decision that must be made

Purpose And Benefits Of The Livestock Industry . Specific

Purpose and Benefits of the Livestock Industry Specific Purpose Statement: To inform my audience about the benefits of the livestock industry and how we are feeding a growing world. Thesis: The livestock industry as a whole is a vital part of our everyday lives, but is often looked upon negatively due to misconstrued facts, videos and personal opinion. Pattern of Organization: Chronological Introduction 1. By a show of hands, how many of you enjoy eating a burger or bacon? Alright, how many girls in here wear makeup? 2. Today I would like to inform to you about the benefits of the livestock industry and how it is apart of your everyday lives. As I have just shown you, the majority of people enjoy items from livestock or partake†¦show more content†¦(Animals Livestock) a. The six main species are cattle, sheep, goats, swine, horses, and poultry. i. *Visual Aid: Show pictures of each species* ii. There are hundreds of different breeds of each of these species that date back to anywhere from 6,500 B.C to 3000 B.C, with remains being found in Turkey, Egypt, France and several other countries. iii. Each of these species can be used for numerous products that we as consumers use everyday. b. Oklahoma State University conducted research on alternative breeds of livestock in the mid 2000’s that suggests there are five different species of alternative livestock. (Oklahoma State University) i. These particular species are not as commonly consumed or used in our everyday lives. ii. Buffalo, camels, donkeys, llama’s and yak’s are those five alternative species. iii. The uses of these species are generally for pack animals in other foreign countries with the exception of buffalo which are used for some meat production here in the United States. c. Finally, there is aquaculture which is technically considered fish farming/production. i. The National Agriculture Library provided the names of five different production facilities located here in the United States. (Animals Livestock) ii. I was personally unaware of this side of the industry until recently when I learned that they produce finfish, shellfish and other aquatic animals and that aquaculture has grown fairly large andShow MoreRelatedAn Alternative Medicine For Antibiotics And Livestock Industry : Essential Oils999 Words   |  4 PagesAn Alternative to Antibiotics Use in Livestock Industry: Essential Oils Introduction Bovine mastitis--inflammation of cow mammary gland--does not only cause major economic loss to the cattle and milk industries, but also confers substantial public health concerns. Antibiotics, the conventional treatment for this illness, increasingly receives criticism due to its evidenced contribution to bacterial resistance, chemical hazard for human consumers, and decreased milk quality. This literature reviewRead MoreEssay about The Corrupted Food on Our Tables561 Words   |  3 PagesAmerica has changed in the past decades becoming more innovative, efficient, and industrialized. Due to the changes in how our industries (Food; in this case) function, small family-owned farms have disappeared leaving large, industrialized production units that grow livestock in masses for the benefit of the Large Corporations such as Tyson Foods Inc. The legal definition of Animal Cruelty is†¦Ã¢â‚¬ Acts of violence or neglect perpetrated against animals† (Animal Cruelty). The red ba rn with white framingRead MoreLab Report On Small Molecules1653 Words   |  7 Pages3. Review on small molecules a) Small molecules Small molecules are the low molecular weight organic compounds having capacity to inhibit the growth of bacteria or their virulence potential. Previously, antibiotics were used for these purposes but today we need to be curious before using antibiotics due to the developing resistance. If antibiotics develop resistance, they are no longer effective for prevention, treatment or control of diseases caused by infectious microorganisms. Researchers areRead MoreWatershed Issues And Policies Of The Himalayan Region1434 Words   |  6 Pagesdownstream. The region needs water sharing agreements among countries and climate change is magnifying these issues when it reduces the water supply at the source of these rivers. China has an increasing demand for energy due to building cities and fuel industries, and is increasing dam building projects that endanger the flow and water quality of the rivers feeding downstream countries (4,5). Shortages of clean water has created public health crisis i n all of the countries who rely on these river sourcesRead MoreGenetically Modified Organisms : The World s Growing Population1502 Words   |  7 Pagesinto it to give it attributes it did not originally have. Manipulating an organism s genes has been done by humans in the BC time period however it was done differently than how it is done today. In the old past, humans would cross breed their livestock through artificial selection, hence producing offspring with the desired genes/traits. This older method was deemed â€Å"genetic modification† by the USDA and FDA (2016). The modern method of extracting one organism s genes and inserting them into anotherRead MoreProkaryotic Organisms: Essential to Agriculture and the Future of Humanity1337 Words   |  6 Pagesadvanced significantly, moving from a trial-and-error system of experimentation with the techniques of basic forms of genetic modification including cross-pollination to more targeted approaches tailored to each speci es. For plants and livestock, the ability to introduce specific genes containing a desired trait has been a method of agricultural manipulation that is quickly gaining traction within the field. A preliminary example of the effectiveness of prokaryotic genes in creating genetically modifiedRead MoreAgricultural Solid Waste For Energy Potential And Environmentally Sustainable Use From North American Midwest Cattle Farms2256 Words   |  10 Pages Livestock Manure Waste-to-Energy Potential and Most Sustainable Use in North-American Midwest Cattle Farms Alina Hong Gregoire Mazars Matthew Garamella Oliver Schwartz 1 Table of Contents Abstract†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...3 Introduction / Background†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.3 Use of manure as fertilizer†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..4 Use of manure as waste-to-energy...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦7 Anaerobic digestion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.8 Combustion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreGenetically Modified Organisms ( Gmos )1291 Words   |  6 Pagesa very large part of today’s economy and food distribution. Globalization 101 presents a good definition, â€Å"A GMO is an organism (either a virus, a bacterium, or a more complex life-form) whose genetic makeup has been altered by humans for a specific purpose. (â€Å"Genetically Modified Organisms,† n.d.).† Billion dollar crop corporations, farmers, and food distributors all use GMOs to maximize their production efforts. Whether it be on a small scale, such as a family farm or on a national setting withRead MoreNuclear Transfer And Its Effect On The Body Of A Surrogate Mother1355 Words   |  6 Pagesstudy early development. In 1977, the cloning of mice using nuclei f rom early embryos was reported, however this work was not repeatable. Research on nuclear transfer however continued in cattle, this was driven by the prospect of large commercial benefits from multiplying elite embryos. In the early 1980’s the former Animal Breeding Research Organisation started research aimed at producing transgenic sheep and cattle that would secrete human proteins in their milk. By the middle of the 1980’s theRead MoreFood Industry And Food Processing Industry Essay1734 Words   |  7 PagesFood manufacturing industry or food processing industry includes the techniques or methods that are used to transform ingredients into processed food items that are suitable for human consumption. Manufacturers in this industry take clean, harvested, slaughtered and butchered ingredients and they use them to produce marketable and processed food items. Moreover, there are different ways that manufacturers can use to produce processed food products. One off prod uction method includes customers placing

What Kind of a Learner I Am Free Essays

Throughout life everyone learns. How we learn and whether we are able to retain and recall that information is the problematic part. The way we absorb, analyze, and retain information is what makes each individual unique. We will write a custom essay sample on What Kind of a Learner I Am or any similar topic only for you Order Now What is successful for one individual may not be the most optimal way of learning for someone else. Therefore, everybody has a preferred learning style. Knowing and understanding our learning style helps us to learn more effectively. Through identifying our learning style, we will be able to capitalize on our strengths and improve our self-advocacy skills. For example, I am visual type of a learner. For me it is better to read something to memorize it and then it is easier for me to recall that information. I think this method is helping me a lot through my life because such a way I can use my advantage everywhere where it is possible. As concerns studying, I can pertain myself to 3 types: instrumental, achievement-oriented, and intrinsic. I am studying because it is interesting, but at the same time I want that my efforts were appreciated with a help of good grades and by getting a good job. One of the basic skills for success in the knowledge society is the ability to learn. With increasingly rapid changes in the work place, people must learn to learn in order that they can maintain their full and continued participation in a society. In conclusion, I can say that we all have elements of each learning style. But the truth is that one or two types stand out in each of us. Having determined which style of learner you are, and figure out ways to incorporate that learning style into your studying process. I will continue to encourage myself to figure out alternative styles, and try to bring each type into my life. How to cite What Kind of a Learner I Am, Essay examples

Contract for Services Case Study of Lou - an Owner of a Tea Wholesalin

Question: Case Study Lou, the owner of a tea wholesaling company, decided about a year ago that product quality of some imported sources was too variable. To improve consistency of the product Lou decided he would employ someone to test samples of imported product and grade them. His retired Uncle Jim came to mind. He was a food scientist and using his skills would also assist him by keeping him busy. Lou approached Jim with an agreement titled Contract for Services, devised by the companys lawyer. It involved Jim agreeing not to be an employee and to have his own incorporated consulting business. The agreement included a clause suggesting he was not permitted to delegate any of his responsibilities at the tea company to another unless he got Lous approval. The agreement also stated he would be paid a set fee for each day he came to the warehouse and worked and a monthly pay date. Although not mentioned in the agreement, Jim was to pay his own taxes and make his own superannuation contributions. He was supplied with a warehouse uniform and all the equipment he required to perform his scientific analysis. Jim worked from 9am to 5pm Monday to Friday for eight months without a day off and then suffered a serious heart attack. His daily routine at work had involved him checking in with Lou for instructions on the days work, Lous oversight of his progress during the day and an assignment of administrative support to support him at particular times. Toward the end of the financial year Jim was asked to supervise a couple of juniors in stocktaking processes, for about four weeks, but he had otherwise stuck to his scientific analysis. One of the policies Lou added to the Employee Handbook last year was an anti-bullying policy. The policy required a particular procedure to be followed if bullying was detected by any member of staff, and indicated management would treat the behaviour, if confirmed on investigation, as serious misconduct and it was likely to result in disciplinary procedures being taken. The policy was not included in staff contracts but they were all alerted to it on commencement of their engagement. Jim had reported the two juniors he had supervised as bullies just before his heart attack. He made a written complaint stating their language was repeatedly demeaning to him and their regular slapping of him on the back was so aggressive it upset him to the point he was ready to resign. Lou was aware of his issues with the young workers and wonders what he is required to do now that Jim is convalescing and may not return to work. Advise Lou whether Jim could be regarded as an employee, despite their written agreement. He is contractually bound to follow the Employee Handbook procedure in relation to the bullying complaint. He has breached any common law duty to Jim even if he is not contractually bound to follow the Employee Handbook procedure. Answer: The given case scenario is about Lou, an owner of a tea wholesaling firm. The Company Head decided to recruit a candidate for the work of testing the quality of several important products. Due to this Lou visits his uncle Mr. Jim who is a food scientist by profession. Lou desired of using the skill of his uncle. A contract named Contract for services was drafted by the lawyer of the firm that was represented by Lou to his uncle (McGregor, 2014). On a general basis, a contract that is titled as contract for services refers to an agreement by virtue of which an individual provides his consent to deliver performance to the organization being an independent contractor (Lowe and Korr, 2008). On account of this, no relationship amidst employer and employee exists. However, the employee is not covered under the provisions of the Employment Act. So accordingly, Jim was not considered to be Lous employee that is on the basis of a condition provided in it. However, the firm hired Jim at a fixe d salary. Owing to the presence of a contract, Jim does not deserve to be an employee of the firm, contrary to which would violate the contract. Another issue mentioned in the case scenario is about bullying. For protecting the self-interest of the employees, the legislature of Australia has enacted the act for workplace safety and health. This enactment assures that no organizational employee shall be exploited by his employer in any way. For creating a strong work culture as well as positive attitude within the workplace, the statutory body plays an important role in West Australia (Magliveras, 2005). The key issue here is that of anti-bullying. Bullying is considered to be a common phenomenon in almost every workplace. It denotes an organized causing of interpersonal devastation which affects majorly upon mental, physical, or psychological condition of a person. This is now a common aspect in educational institutions or workplaces. As per the surveys, the ultimate cause of this bullying at workplace is that it is not yet made illegal at some place. And even if it is illegal at places, these are not executed as per the rule (Johnston, Phanhtharath and Jackson, 2010). In the case, Lou is responsible on a contractual basis for acknowledging the procedure in the employee rulebook related to bullying issue. The policy of anti-bullying has been introduced in the employee handbook but not in staff contracts. So, Lou is not liable at all legally to abide by the procedure. But, he had the responsibility to hear all complaints of employees linked with bullying. It is clearly mentioned in the employee handbook procedure about the way employees are required to act in workplaces irrespective of job role(Wallace, 2002). This is given to every member of the organization. If the policy of anti-bullying is to be followed in compliance with the handbook for employment procedure, it might get ambiguous for authorities to provide remedies of bullying. The policy of anti-bully had been introduced by Lou himself within the handbook of employment procedure in the last year. However, no action was undertaken in favor of the complaint by Jim. As per the rule made by the owner of the firm relating to anti-bullying process, if any case of bullying occurred or any complaint was launched by any employee, it would be taken quite seriously with due steps to mitigate it by the company management. However, all the mentioned steps must comply with the conditions given in the procedure handbook(Halbesleben and Wheeler, 2010). If it is identified after or during the investigation that bullying has occurred then the guilty would be held responsible for the act of bullying the victim and thus he must be penalized as per the policy norm as prescribed in the rule. As referred to in the case, the complaint that was launched by Jim related to the bullying act upon two organizational employees, was not even inquired any way by the higher authority of th e company. In compliance with the law in Australia, compensation is to be awarded to Jim since no step had been taken in favor of the complaint launched by Jim. Several cases were launched whereby management or higher authority has been alleged in incompetent dealing with issues related to bullying aspects the firm also faced much allegation in a way that the management has been very much reluctant in discharging duties in favor of bullying issues(Dealtry, 2003). During 2006, they were provided justice by giving a huge sum amount in the form of compensation related to the complaints launched in relation to bullying. The court had awarded that the defendant needed to pay the salary of 38 weeks at the rate of $627 per week. Again, an obligation of common law has been breached to Jim who has been breached by Lou though he is not liable to abide by the handbook of employment procedure. Despite the fact that he is not responsible to abide by the handbook procedure, as an employer he could not escape his responsibility. One of the key responsibilities of him is to carefully attend to the complaints and adopt necessary actions in favor of the issue of bullying. The employer has the duty to identify and punish the actual culprit whoever he may be (Chernyaeva, n.d.). It is identified that such an act may reduce the productivity or level of motivation and even the work culture on account of lack of concern by Lou. The key aim of the Workplace Health and Safety law is to give enough protection to all employees during their course of work life, thereby reducing the risk aspects amidst employees within the workplace is another aim of the statute. The factors associated with risks may be mitigated by enacting the a cts of bullying as well as other issues in lieu of increased penalties. The main attribute of the law governing health as well as safety at workplace are: Assuring safety of each employee irrespective of individual post or role within the company. Adequate care towards safety measures of the workers or employees. Necessary actions to be taken on issue of complaints(Hager, 2004). Guilty must be adequately penalized. Within Australia, by means of statute or any other mean, no proper definition of bullying is given, particularly the elements comprising the issue of bullying. This happens to be one of the most significant issues within the given sector particularly by the employees, since bullying can occur in several ways but no specific way is prescribed. For instance, several students across the Australian territory are exposed to bullying in schools (Wright, 2005). Often employees experience menace on account of lack of implementation of present statutes and also lack of enactment of new laws in relation to menace. Irrespective of gender, caste, creed, or religion often most of the people whether students or employees are subjected to activities of bullying. As per different surveys, it has been identified that it commonly happens giving out different dare consequences every time. During the course of employment as well as work environment, the act of bullying gives a negative impact on employees. In this given case, the reluctant behavior of Lou with respect to that of the culprits of the act of bully provided them due advantage in relation to the aggressive behavior towards others. The behavior of Lou may act as an encouragement for the culprits in the act. To the consequences of this, Jim had a massive heart attack. Some fatal outcomes of bullying acts are: Declining attendance graph on account of the dread as well as fear among employees, leading to hamper in work. One of the key outcomes of such an act is declining attendance. Employees often go on a leave due to panic, and this affects productivity of the company. Increase in anxiety among the junior employees result in occurrence of more errors during work. This symptom is stated in the case that Jim may not have suffered from heart attack if corrective measures were taken (Wright, 2005). Decreasing level of performances amidst employees and less work productivity. The act of bullying may lessen the performances of the employees. As in case of Jim it became devastating. He had to give up his work due to heart attack. The act of bullying often de-motivates the employees at their work. During the cases of complaints of bullying activities, the management often needs to spend increased time in solving the issues. This is wastage of time and hinders further growth of the organization(McGregor, 2014). Thus, it is a common responsibility of Lou to adopt certain important measures against the incident and the issue and punish the guilty although he is not liable for this contractually. Jim would not have suffered if it was done much earlier. References Chernyaeva, D. (n.d.). Workplace Mobbing and Workplace Harassment Regulation in Russia.SSRN Journal. Dealtry, R. (2003). Issues relating to learning accreditation in corporate university management.Journal of Workplace Learning, 15(2), pp.80-86. Hager, P. (2004). Lifelong learning in the workplace? Challenges and issues.Journal of Workplace Learning, 16(1/2), pp.22-32. Halbesleben, J. and Wheeler, A. (2010). Coverage by smokeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ free workplace policies by race/ethnicity and health outcomes.International Journal of Workplace Health Management, 3(2), pp.111-130. Johnston, M., Phanhtharath, P. and Jackson, B. (2010). The Bullying Aspect of Workplace Violence in Nursing.JONA's Healthcare Law, Ethics, and Regulation, 12(2), pp.36-42. Lowe, T. and Korr, W. (2008). Workplace Safety Policies in Mental Health Settings.Journal of Workplace Behavioral Health, 22(4), pp.29-47. Magliveras, K. (2005). The Regulation of Workplace Sexual Harassment in Greece: Legislation and Case Law Analysis.International Journal of Discrimination and the Law, 7(1-4), pp.169-186. McGregor, M. (2014). Harassment in the Workplace: Context as Indicator.International Law Research, 3(1). Wallace, M. (2002). Managing and developing online education: issues of change and identity.Journal of Workplace Learning, 14(5), pp.198-208. Wright, T. (2005). Inside the Workplace.Industrial Law Journal, 34(4), pp.349-352.